Establish the broad record
Reconstruct the flight, surveillance loss, radar phase, satellite signalling, debris recovery and search history from traceable source families.
Published evidence-assurance case
Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370
Aperture evidence assurance applied to a global, high-uncertainty public-source investigation.
MH370 is used here as a practical demonstration of what Aperture does when a decision record contains official findings, technical models, physical evidence, incomplete primary records, competing explanations, public speculation and material unanswered questions.
Research state: Version 0.6 research closure. Evidence cut-off: 7 August 2026. Independent specialist review: pending.
International access: concise reader guides are available in English, Bahasa Melayu, Simplified Chinese, French, Spanish, German, Arabic and Japanese.
International access
Read the case in your language.
Eight concise reader guides provide an accessible introduction to the MH370 evidence-assurance case before the complete English controlled dossier is opened. The English controlled dossier remains the governing edition. Independent specialist linguistic review is not represented as completed.
English4-page guide
Bahasa Melayu4-page guide
简体中文Simplified Chinese · 4 pages
Français4-page guide
Español4-page guide
Deutsch4-page guide
العربيةدليل من 4 صفحات
日本語4ページガイド
Reader-guide supporting files
Why this example matters
This is what evidence assurance looks like when the information is abundant but certainty is not.
A client does not need thousands of pages of material simply repeated back to them. The problem is to identify which propositions are established, which depend on models or assumptions, which claims recycle the same source, which contradictions survive testing, which evidence remains unavailable and what level of reliance is responsible.
The MH370 record makes those controls visible. It shows how Aperture separates the broad reconstruction from unresolved questions about initiating cause, controller identity, intent, motive and exact wreckage location.
What a client can inspect here
- the controlling investigative narrative
- claims-and-evidence matrices
- a master chronology
- source and evidence registers
- technical annexes and adversarial analysis
- evidence-gap and specialist-review controls
- decision and reliance records
- machine-readable registers
- international reader guides in eight languages
The decision question
What does the accessible evidence establish, and where must reliance stop?
Challenge the narrative
Test technical interpretation, source dependence, public claim mutation and competing causal explanations rather than rewarding repetition or confidence.
Define the reliance boundary
Separate high-confidence broad findings from model-dependent propositions, unresolved causal questions and evidence that only future recovery or specialist work can resolve.
Decision-grade result in the supplied record
What the strongest evidence supports
01
Broad flight reconstruction
The supplied dossier supports normal initial departure, later loss of normal secondary-surveillance identification, westward diversion and continued multi-hour flight.
02
Southern route and loss region
The supplied research classifies the southern route and ultimate loss in the southern Indian Ocean as very strongly supported, reinforced by confirmed physical debris.
03
18:25 SDU event
Restoration of SDU power after a material interruption is strongly supported. The historical cause of the interruption remains indeterminate.
04
00:19 sequence
Fuel exhaustion followed by APU-supplied electrical restoration is the best-supported public explanation in the supplied record, subject to Boeing 777 systems specialist review.
05
Final BFO evidence
The final measurements are treated as strongly consistent with a substantial and rapidly changing descent component, but not as direct proof of one exact descent rate, attitude or control state.
06
Cause and actor boundary
The supplied record does not establish initiating cause, controller identity, intent, motive or exact wreckage coordinate. Competing broad causal families remain unresolved.
These statements summarise the supplied v0.6 research-closure record. They are not presented as an official accident-investigation finding or as independently validated specialist conclusions.
Contradiction testing
The case shows why repeated claims still have to be tested.
Exact final descent rate
The record rejects treating final BFO values as a direct recorder of one exact vertical descent rate.
18:25 proves deliberate action
The technical power interruption/restoration proposition is separated from the unresolved historical cause.
“2.4 tonnes of lithium batteries”
The v0.6 addendum records 221 kg of lithium-ion batteries within a broader 2,453 kg Motorola consignment and treats the common formulation as materially misleading.
Simulator proves rehearsal
The official forensic material is treated as relevant circumstantial evidence, not proof of one exact rehearsal of the later route.
One searched area equals total exclusion
The dossier distinguishes higher-confidence sonar coverage from lower-confidence and data-gap areas rather than treating all searched seabed as uniform 100% exclusion.
One adversarial paper settles the issue
The alternative controlled-descent model is retained as a serious challenge without being allowed to displace the wider record merely because it is novel or confident.
Research readiness
Research can be mature without pretending that the case is solved.
The supplied v0.6 readiness report records a score of 89 / 100 and classifies the matter as Ready Subject to Independent Specialist Review. General desk research is closed under a diminishing-value test for the evidence cut-off.
The score does not override material deficiencies. The record still identifies missing primary evidence, specialist reproducibility work, current-search quality-control data, right of reply and external review as limitations on external reliance.
Examples of material gaps
- main wreckage and exact coordinate
- FDR and CVR
- full raw military-radar dataset
- full original simulator forensic corpus
- independent SATCOM numerical reproduction
- Boeing 777 SDU/electrical specialist validation
- current Ocean Infinity AUV/QC data
- direct actor and intent evidence
What this solves for a client
The subject can change. The decision problem is familiar.
You have too much information
Aperture converts documents, claims, data and commentary into a controlled evidence architecture rather than a larger pile of reading.
Experts or sources disagree
Competing explanations are kept visible, source dependence is separated from genuine corroboration and technical questions are escalated instead of guessed.
You need to know what is safe to rely on
The output distinguishes established facts, supported inferences, model-dependent findings, unresolved questions and the evidence that could change the answer.
Your matter does not need to be as large as MH370. The same controls can be scaled to a counterparty, transaction, disputed claim, chronology, publication, technical question or strategic decision.
Professional boundary
This is an independent public-source research case, not an official accident investigation.
The supplied dossier expressly states that it is not an official accident investigation, legal opinion, engineering certification, accredited forensic examination or substitute for the Malaysian Annex 13 investigation. It does not claim access to non-public evidence.
The source PDFs are published here unchanged. Their original control language remains visible, including the fact that independent specialist validation, institutional right of reply and other release-assurance gates were incomplete when the research package was closed.
Website publication does not convert those unresolved gates into completed specialist validation.
How to read the case
Start with the decision record, then drill into the evidence.
- Executive Research Closing Record v0.6Fastest view of the broad conclusion, reliance boundary and next control gate.
- Research Readiness Report and AddendumSee why general desk research closed and which propositions were refined after the v0.5 base record.
- Principal Investigative DossierRead the controlling narrative, scope, findings, robustness and limitations.
- Claims Matrix, Chronology and Source RegisterTrace propositions back to evidence and see how chronology and source dependence are controlled.
- Technical Annexes A-HInspect SATCOM, radar, debris, search, competing hypotheses, falsification and the knowledge boundary.
- Validation and specialist-review recordsSee what remains outside the authority of the desk-research record and what must happen before stronger external reliance.
- Machine-readable registersInspect the structured proposition, contradiction, gap, source, change and findings controls directly.
- International reader guidesUse the concise eight-language guides for orientation, while treating the English dossier as the governing edition.
Full supplied dossier
Version 0.6 research-closure package
The supplied case materials are available here. Start with the Executive Research Closing Record for the fastest overview, or open the complete combined pack for the full controlled record. The combined editions are web-optimised for reliable browser access while preserving their pagination and substantive content.
Package Index
Explains the v0.6 research-closure package, status and relationship to the v0.5 controlled base record.
Open file →Research Readiness Report v0.6
Records an 89/100 research-readiness score and classifies the record as ready subject to independent specialist review.
Open file →Research Addendum v0.6
Updates propositions on SATCOM, end-of-flight interpretation, radar, simulator evidence, cargo claims, debris and search limitations.
Open file →Evidence Gaps & Specialist Questions v0.6
Ranks unresolved evidence gaps and identifies the technical questions that require independent specialist review.
Open file →Source Register Update v0.6
Lists the principal official, technical, scientific and adversarial sources used for the v0.6 proposition update.
Open file →Executive Research Closing Record v0.6
States the research-closing assessment, remaining limits and next control gate.
Open file →Complete Research Closure Case Pack v0.6
Combined v0.6 package containing the research-closure documents and controlled base record.
Open file →Controlled base record
Version 0.5 complete research edition
The v0.6 material preserves the author-approved v0.5 base record and supersedes it only where the v0.6 documents explicitly change or qualify a proposition.
Package Index & Completeness Ledger
Open file →Principal Investigative Dossier
Open file →Claims & Evidence Matrix
Open file →Master Chronology
Open file →Source & Evidence Register
Open file →Annex A - SATCOM Technical Annex
Open file →Annex B - Radar & Flight Path
Open file →Annex C - Debris & Provenance
Open file →Annex D - Search & Location Analysis
Open file →Annex E - Claims & Evidence Audit
Open file →Annex F - Competing Hypotheses & Falsification
Open file →Annex G - Master Synthesis
Open file →Annex H - Knowledge Boundary & Evidence Gaps
Open file →Validation, Adversarial & Release Assurance Record
Open file →Reviewer Selection, Outreach & Execution Record
Open file →Executive Decision Record v0.5
Open file →Public Portfolio Case Study
Open file →Aperture Research Principles
Open file →Final Delivery Manifest & Conformity Record
Open file →Complete Case Pack Combined v0.5
Open file →Structured evidence controls
Machine-readable registers
These files make the underlying control architecture inspectable: calculations, changes, chronology, propositions, contradictions, gaps, sources, findings and right-of-reply status. They are downloadable as supplied and are not rewritten by the website.
Calculation controls
Open file →Proposition and wording changes from the controlled base record
Open file →Machine-readable chronology update
Open file →Sixteen proposition-level findings and reliance classifications
Open file →Six material public or technical claims tested against the record
Open file →Open research and reproducibility defects
Open file →Package version, status and delivery manifest
Open file →Key institutional/source relationships
Open file →Twelve ranked evidence gaps
Open file →Evidence-origin and independence controls
Open file →Referenced exhibit control
Open file →Machine-readable findings ledger
Open file →Right-of-reply control status
Open file →Source-family dependence controls
Open file →V0.6 proposition-specific source register
Open file →How to use the example
Do not ask whether your matter looks like MH370. Ask whether your decision has the same evidence problem.
If your decision depends on incomplete records, conflicting accounts, technical interpretation, repeated claims, uncertain provenance, source recycling or important unknowns, the MH370 package shows the kind of control Aperture can apply.